Stone

Stones are a very hard material, one of the first the human experiment with. In fact oldest constructions like Stone Age and Petra are entirely made of it.
 * What are stones? **

I know 2 types of stones I can talk about. They are the igneous and the sedimentary. The first one is made of magma from volcanic eruptions, and the second one comes from rests of other stones and different materials transported by the action of the wind and the rain.
 * How many kinds of stone do you know? **

Stones are a very heavy and hard material, that’s why they are perfect for solid and resistant structures like walls.
 * What characteristics do stones have? **

They are used in construction because they are beautiful, solid, hard and resistant with time, and also because it can be carved with no problem.
 * Why are stones used in construction? **

Stone is a durable material, easy to be treated and sculpted but it can also be used naturally. This material hasn’t just advantages, sometimes its use can be reduced because it is hard to quarry, transport and cut, also, stones are so rigid that they are weak to tension, plus, they are expensive. **There are several ways to use stone. One of the cheapest way is the rubble, which consists in using stones without a special and determined shape to cover a surface. An expensive way to use stone is ashlar masory, done by stone’s rectangles that, one on the top of the other, offer resistance to downward loads.**   media type="file" key="stone podcast.wav"
 * __Paragraph writing __**
 * Stone has been used since the stone age, but right now it is __mostly used as a surface veneer than as structural__ material because of its price. **
 * __

Homework __** __<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">Entablatures: __<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;"> the upper sections of a classical order that rest on the capital of a column <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;"> __<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">Rubble: __<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;"> roughly broken stones of any shape bounded in mortar. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"> <span style="font-size: 20.5pt; line-height: 150%; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">Stone resists deformation better than any bonding material. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">Stone masonry, in contrast with brick, does not depend on strong bonding for stability <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">Because of its weight and the precision with which it can be shaped, stone masonry (in contrast with brick) does not depend on strong bonding for stability. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">The weight creates problems of stability when loads push at an angle <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">Most suitable, the best <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">Better, cheaper <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;"> <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; msospacerun: yes;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">
 * <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">2 definitions in the text **<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">
 * <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;">2 statements of comparison and contrast **<span style="font-size: 20.5pt; line-height: 150%; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;">
 * <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">2 statements expressing cause and effect **<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">
 * <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">2 adjectives in the superlative form **<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">
 * <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">2 adjectives in the comparative form **<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES-VE;">